A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H |I | J | K | L Acetaminophen - an over-the-counter pain medication used to treat headaches and muscle pain. Brand names include Tylenol. Acetylcholine - neurotransmitter involved in a wide variety of functions includingcognition, mood, sleep, and functioning of muscles, stomach, spleen, bladder, liver, sweat glands, blood vessels, and heart. Acrophobia – fear of heights. Activation (arousal) – process by which energy is mobilized by organism for meeting needs and attaining goals. Acute – used to describe problems of relatively fast onset and short duration, usually with intense symptoms (vs. chronic). Adapin - see Doxepin. Addiction - a preoccupation and compulsive use of an experience (food or gambling) or substance (alcohol or cocaine) despite the negative consequences. Often involves a loss of control and increasing tolerance for the substance. Not the same as dependence. Addictive Behavior – behavior based on addiction (see addiction). Adepril - see Amitryptiline. Adofen - see Fluoxetine. Adrenal Cortex – the outer layer of the adrenal glands that secretes adrenal steroids and other hormones. Adrenal Gland - endocrine glands located next to the kidneys that consist of the adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex and produce cortisol, epinephrine and norepinephrine. Adrenaline - see epinephrine Advil - see Ibuprofen. Affect – emotion or feeling. Affective Disorder – all mood disorders, including depression and bipolar depression. Agitation – noticeable and/or distressing restlessness and excitement. Agonist – substance that stimulates receptors on a neuron. Alboral - see Diazepam. Alcelam - see Alprazolam. Alcohol – The consumption of alcoholic beverages may initially relieve anxiety for several hours. However, the post-intoxication effects of alcohol are generally thought to aggravate anxiety and panic. The use of alcohol may provoke anxiety and panic disorders. Alepam - see Oxazepam. Alienation – the feeling of a lack of relationships or loss of relationships with others. Aliseum - see Diazepam. Allegron - see Nortryptyline. Almazine - see Lorazepam. Alodorm - see Nitrazepam. Alopam - see Doxepin. Alpha 2 Agonists – substances used in the treatment of anxiety that act on Alpha 2 auto receptors that results in decreased firing rate and decreased release of norepinephrine. Includes medications such as clonidine. Alplax - see Alprazolam. Alpram - see Alprazolam. Alprazolam - a benzodiazepine medication used to treat anxiety disorders, includes brand name medications such as Alcelam, Alplax, Alpram, Alprax, Alprazolam Intensol, Alprox, Alzolam, Anpress, Ansiopax, Cassadan, Constan, Frontal, Kalma, Pharnax, Prinox, Ralozam, Solanax, Tafil, Trankimazin, Tricalma, Valeans, Xanagis, Xanax, Xanor, Zacetin, Zanapam, Zenax, Zolarem, Zoldac, Zoldax, Zotran. Alprazolam Intensol - see Alprazolam. Alprox - see Alprazolam. Alternative Medicine – treatment techniques that are not currently accepted by the medical establishment. Such techniques generally have unknown scientific value. Alupram - see Diazepam. Alzolam - see Alprazolam. Amicen - see Amitryptiline. Amilent - see Amitryptiline. Amilit - see Amitryptiline. Amineurin - see Amitryptiline. Amiplin - see Amitryptiline. Amiprin - see Amitryptiline. Amiprol - see Diazepam. Amitid - see Amitryptiline. Amitril - see Amitryptiline. Amitrip - see Amitryptiline. Amitryptiline - a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) medication often used in the treatment of anxiety and depressive conditions. Includes brand name medications such as Adepril, Amicen, Amilent, Amilit, Amineurin, Amiplin, Amiprin, Amitid, Amitril, Amitrip, Amyline, Amyzol, Anapsique, Apo-Amitriptyline, Domical, Elatrol, Elatrolet, Elavil, Emitrip, Enafon, Endep, Enovil, Etravil, Lantron, Laroxyl, Larozyl, Lentizol, Levate, Miketorin, Mutabon D, Novoprotect, Novotriptyn, Pinsanu, Pinsaun, Quietal, Redomex, Saroten Retard, Saroten, Sarotena, Sarotex, Syneudon, Teperin, Trepiline, Tridep, Tripta, Triptizol, Trynol, Tryptal, Tryptalette, Tryptanol, Tryptine, Tryptizol, Trytanol, Trytomer, Uxen, Vanatrip. Amoxapine - a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) medication sometimes used in the treatment of anxiety and depression. Amoxapine blocks serototonin reuptake at the synapse and blocks serotonin 2A resceptors. Includes brand names such as Asendin. Amphetamine – substance that produces a stimulating and energizing effect. Amygdala - a region of the brain thought to be very important in the fear response. Amyline - see Amitryptiline. Amyzol - see Amitryptiline. Anafranil - see Clomipramine. Anapsique - see Amitryptiline. Androgen – hormone associated with the development and maintenance of male characteristics. Anlin - see Diazepam. Anoxia – lack of sufficient oxygen supply. Anpress - see Alprazolam. Ansial - see Buspirone Hydrochloride. Ansiced - see Buspirone Hydrochloride. Ansiolin - see Diazepam. Ansiopax - see Alprazolam. Ansitec - see Buspirone Hydrochloride. Antagonist – a substance that blocks the action of a neurotransmitter at the receptor. Anten - see Doxepin. Antenex - see Diazepam. Antianxiety Drugs/Medications – drugs that are used primarily for treating anxiety. Anticonvulsants – medications used to treat seizure disorders. Also sometimes used to treat symptoms of mania and sometimes used in the treatment of anxiety. Includes medications such as valproic acid (Depakote), carbamazepine, lamotrigine, gabapentin, and topiramate (Topamax). Antidep - see Imipramine. Antidepressant - medications currently used primarily in the treatment of depression, as well as anxiety and panic, including Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs). May also be used to describe the newer antidepressants such as Selective Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) such as reboxetine, norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake blockers such as bupropion, Dual Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Blockers (SNRIs) such as venlafaxine, Dual Serotonin 2 Antagonists/Serotonin reuptake Inhibitors (SARIs) such as nefazodone and trazodone, and agents that act via Dual Serotonin and Norepinephrine Actions through Alpha 2 Antagonism (NaSSAs) such as mirtazapine. Antipsychotic Drugs/Medications – drugs with a calming effect used primarily to treat psychotic symptoms but also used in some cases, usually in much smaller doses, in the treatment of depression and anxiety. Anxicalm - see Diazepam. Anxiedin - see Lorazepam. Anxinil - see Buspirone Hydrochloride. Anxiogenic - something that generates anxiety. Anxiolan - see Buspirone Hydrochloride. Anxiolytic - something that reduces/suppresses/cuts/takes away anxiety. Anxionil - see Diazepam. Anxira - see Lorazepam. Anzepam - see Lorazepam. APA – American Psychiatric Association or American Psychological Association. Aplacasse - see Lorazepam. Aplacassee - see Lorazepam. Apo-Amitriptyline - see Amitryptiline. Apo-Chlordiazepoxide - see Chlordiazepoxide. Apo-Diazepam - see Diazepam. Apo-Imipramine - see Imipramine. Apo-Lorazepam - see Lorazepam. Aponal - see Doxepin. Apozepam - see Diazepam. Aripax - see Lorazepam. Armonil - see Diazepam. Aropax - see Paroxetine. Arousal – see activation. Arsitran - see Chlordiazepoxide. Arzepam - see Diazepam. Asendin - see Amoxapine. Assival - see Diazepam. Ateben - see Nortryptyline. Atensine - see Diazepam. Ativan - see Lorazepam. Atruline - see Sertraline. Aurorix - see Moclobemide. Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) – the part of the nervous system that regulates the internal organs. The ANS may be further subdivided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. Autonomic Reactivity – the degree to which a person shows emotional reactivity to stress. Different people show different amounts of autonomic reactivity. Aventyl - see Nortryptyline. Aventyl HCl - see Nortryptyline. Azedipamin - see Diazepam. Azurogen - see Lorazepam. Barbiturate – synthetic sedative drug derived from barbituric acid. Baogin - see Diazepam. Barbital (diethyl barbituric acid) – Includes brand names such as Medinal and Veronal. Barpil - see Buspirone Hydrochloride. Basilar Artery - a major artery that supplies blood to the brain. Spasms of this artery can result in anxiety or panic attacks. Beneficat - see Trazodone. Benpine - see Chlordiazepoxide. Benzodiapin - see Chlordiazepoxide. Benzodiazepam - a benzodiazepine medication. Benzodiazepine- medications that either inhibit a nerve cell's activity directly or indirectly through modification of the GABA-benzodiazepine receptor complex. Includes medications such asalprazolam(Xanax),bromazepam,chlordiazepoxide,clonazepam (Klonopin),clorazepate(Tranxene),diazepam(Valium),flunitrazepam,flurazepam(Dalmane),lorazepam(Ativan),oxazepam(serax),quazepam(Doral),temazepam(Restoril),triazolam(Halcion). Benzopin - see Diazepam. Bespar - see Buspirone Hydrochloride. Beta Blocker – medication used to treat some of the physical symptoms of anxiety such as increased blood pressure and heart palpitations. Although no widely used. Some people seem to benefit when used to treat situational or performance anxiety. Betapam - see Diazepam. Bimaran - see Trazodone. Biogenic Amines – chemicals that act as neurotransmitters or modulators. Biological Clocks – each species has characteristic cyclic patterns of sleep, activity, and metabolism. Bipolar Disorder – a mood disorder in which the person experiences both manic and depressive episodes. Biron - see Buspirone Hydrochloride. Bonatranquan - see Lorazepam. Bonton - see Lorazepam. BPD – bipolar depression (see bipolar disorder) Britazepam - see Diazepam. Brofaromine - an medication. Includes brand names such as Consonar. Bromazepam - a benzodiazepine medication. Includes brand names such as Lexotan. Bromine - a bromide compound used as a sedative in the past. Busirone - see Buspirone Hydrochloride. Buspar - see Buspirone Hydrochloride. Buspirone - see Buspirone Hydrochloride. Buspirone Hydrochloride - a medication that acts on both both serotonin (5-HT1A) and dopamine (D2) receptors. Includes brand names such as Ansial, Ansiced, Ansitec, Anxinil, Anxiolan, Barpil, Bespar, Biron, Busirone, Buspar, Buspirone, Kallmiren, Narol, Nerbet, Neurosine, Normaton, Paxon, Relac, Sburol, Tutran. Caffeine – a chemical found in many drinks and foods. The negative effects of caffeine include restlessness, nervousness, insomnia, twitching, stomach upset and intoxication. Calmod - see Diazepam. Calmpose - see Diazepam. Cardiac Disorder – a disorder of the heart. Cardiac disorders include arrhythmias,mitral valve prolapse, etc. Such conditions often need to be considered in the diagnosis of panic disorder. Cardiovascular – having to do with the heart and circulation of blood. Cassadan - see Alprazolam. Caudel - see Diazepam. Catecholamines - a class of monoamine hormones and neurotransmitters including dopamine, epinepherine, and norepinepherine that are involved in many functions including autonomic arousal, and the stress responses. CCK - cholecystokinin CDP - see Chlordiazepoxide. Celexa – see Citalopram. Centrazepam - see Diazepam. Cerepax - see Temazepam. Cetabrium - see Chlordiazepoxide. Chloral - a medication used in the past as a sedative-hypnotic. Chlordiazachel - see Chlordiazepoxide. Chlordiazepoxide - abenzodiazepine medication. Includes brand names such as Apo-Chlordiazepoxide, Arsitran, Balance, Benpine, Benzodiapin, CDP, Cetabrium, Chlordiazachel, Chlordiazepoxidum, Chuichin, Contol, Diazebrum, Diazepina, Dipoxido, Disarim, Elenium, Epoxide, Equilibrium, H-Tran, Huberplex, Kalbrium, Karmoplex, Klopoxid, Lentotran, Libnum, Librax, Librelease, Libritabs, Librium, Libulin, Lipoxide, Medilium, Mitran, Multum, Neo-Gnostorid, Neuropax, Normide, Nova-Pam, Novopoxide, OCM, Oasil, Omnalio, Paxium, Poxi, Psicofar, Radepur, Raysedan, Reliberan, Reposal, Restocalm, Retcol, Ripolin, Risachief, Risolid, Seren, Servium, Sintesedan, Solium, Spaz-10, Taee, Tensinyl, Tropium, Vapine, Zenecin. Chlordiazepoxidum - see Chlordiazepoxide. Cholecystokinin (CCK) – a tetrapeptide that causes symptoms of panic, especially when injected into people with panic disorder. Chromosomal Anomalies – inherited vulnerabilities or defects in genes. Chromosomes – the structures within the cell nucleus that contain the genes. Chrytemin - see Imipramine. Chuansuan - see Diazepam. Chuichin - see Chlordiazepoxide. Citalopram - a serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) medication. Brand name Celexa. Claustrophobia – fear of enclosed spaces or being trapped. Clinical Psychologist – Psychotherapist with a Ph.D. or Psy.D. and specialized training in psychological assessment and psychotherapy. Clinical Psychology – Branch of science concerned with understanding and changing maladaptive behavior. Clobazam - a benzodiazepine medication. Includes brand names such as Frisium. Clofranil - see Clomipramine. Clomifril - see Clomipramine. Clomipramine – a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) medication that is a potent inhibitor of serotonin reuptake. Includes brand names such as Anafranil, Clofranil, Clomifril, Clopress, Gromin. Clonazepam - abenzodiazepine medication. Includes brand names such as Clonex, Iktorivil, Klonopin, Landsen, Lonazep, Rivotril. Clonex - see Clonazepam. Clopress - see Clomipramine. Clorazepate - abenzodiazepine medication. Includes brand names such as Tranxene. Comedication - the use of a medication to offset the side effects of another medication. Comorbid - occurring together Consilium - see Diazepam. Consonar - see Brofaromine. Constan - see Alprazolam. Contol - see Chlordiazepoxide. Control - see Lorazepam. Control Group – a group of people who are given a placebo treatment in order to establish the safety and effectiveness of a medication or treatment. Cortisol - hormone produced by the adrenal gland. Cortisol production increases during periods of stress. Chronically high cortisol levels are associated a variety of problems including depression and anxiety. Daypress - see Imipramine. Dalmane - see Flurazepam. Deprax - see Trazodone. Deproxin - see Fluoxetine. Depsol - see Imipramine. Depsonil - see Imipramine. Deptran - see Doxepin. Deroxat - see Paroxetine. Desconet - see Diazepam. Desipramine – a tricylcic antidepressant (TCA) medication. Includes brand names such as Norpramin, Pertofran. Desirel - see Trazodone. Desloneg - see Diazepam. Desyrel - see Trazodone. DHEA – dehydroepiandrosterone Diaceplex - see Diazepam. Diagnosis – a label used to describe the specific nature and extent of a problem. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) – The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of American Psychiatric Association (APA). The current version is DSM-IV. Dialag - see Diazepam. Dialar - see Diazepam. Diapam - see Diazepam. Diapax - see Diazepam. Diapine - see Diazepam. Diaquel - see Diazepam. Diathesis – a predisposing factor or prexisting vulnerability that makes a person more likely to develop a disorder. Diathesis - Stress Model – a general model of stress response that views psychiatric/psychological problems to be the result of stress affecting an individual who has a prexisting vulnerability or risk factor for developing a specific kind of problem. Diatran - see Diazepam. Diazebrum - see Chlordiazepoxide. Diazemuls - see Diazepam. Diazepam – one of the older benzodiazepine medications, sometimes used in the treatment of anxiety and depression. Includes brand names such as Alboral, Aliseum, Alupram, Amiprol, Anlin, Ansiolin, Antenex, Anxicalm, Anxionil, Apo-diazepam, Apozepam, Armonil, Arzepam, Assival, Atensine, Azedipamin, Baogin, Benzopin, Best, Betapam, Britazepam, Calmpose, Calmod, Caudel, Centrazepam, Chuansuan, Consilium, D-Val, Desconet, Desloneg, Di-Tran, Diaceplex, Dialag, Dialar, Diapam, Diapax, Diapine, Diaquel, Diatran, Diazemuls, Diazepam, Diazepan, Diazepin, Dipaz, Dipezona, Disopam, Dizam, Doval, D-Pam, Drenian, Ducene, Dupin, Eridan, Elcion CR, Euphorin, Euphorin P, Evacalm, Gewacalm, Gradual, Gubex, Horizon, Jinpanfan, Kratium, Lamra, Lembrol, Lovium, Mandro, Mandro-Zep, Melode, Mentalium, Meval, Nellium, Nerozen, Neurosedin, Nivalen, Nixtensyn, Noan, Notense, Novazam, Novodipam, Ortopsique, Paceum, Pacitran, Paralium, Parzam, Pax, Paxate, Paxum, Pharmadine, Placidox, Plidan, Pomin, Propam, Prozepam, Psychopax, Q-Pam, Radizepam, Relanium, Reliver, Rival, Ro-Azepam, Saromet, Scriptopam, Seduxen, Servizepam, Simasedan, Sipam, Solis, Sonacon, Stesolid, T-Quil, Tensium, Tranquil, Tranquirit, Trazepam, Valaxona, Valinter, Valitran, Valium, Valrelease, Valuzepam, Vanconin, Vatran, Vazen, Vivol, Winii, X-O'Spaz, Zepaxid, Zetran. Diazepan - see Diazepam. Diazepina - see Chlordiazepoxide. Diazepin - see Diazepam. Dipaz - see Diazepam. Dipezona - see Diazepam. Dipoxido - see Chlordiazepoxide. Disarim - see Chlordiazepoxide. Disopam - see Diazepam. Disorientation – mental confusion with respect to time, place or person. Di-Tran - see Diazepam. Dizam - see Diazepam. DNA – deoxyribonucleic acid, the main component of genes. Domical - see Amitryptiline. Dominant Gene – a gene that dictates the characteristics of the offspring. Doneurin - see Doxepin. Dopamine– a neurotransmitter (catecholamine) involved in a wide variety of functions. Dothiepin - a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) medication. Includes brand names such as Prothiaden. Double Blind Study - a scientific term used to describe a procedure for conducting research so that neither the researcher nor the participant know if the active medication or placebo is being used for that participant. Doval - see Diazepam. Doxal - see Doxepin. Doxecan - see Doxepin. Doxepin - a tricyclic antidepressanr (TCA) medication. Includes brand names such as Adapin, Alopam, Anten, Aponal, Deptran, Doneurin, Doxal, Doxecan, Doxetar, Doxin, Gilex, Mareen, Quitaxon, Sinequan, Sinquan, Sinquane, Spectra, Triadapin, Xepin, Zonalon. Doxetar - see Doxepin. Doxin - see Doxepin. D-Pam - see Diazepam. Drenian - see Diazepam. Drug – another term for medication. Drug Abuse – the abuse of a substance to the extent that it interferes substantially in emotional, social and occupational functioning. Drug Addiction – psychological and physiological substance dependence. DSM – see diagnostic and statistical manual. Dual Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) – medications that block the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine. Includes medications such as Venlafaxine. Ducene - see Diazepam. Dumirox - see Fluvoxamine. Dumozolam - see Triazolam. Dumyrox - see Fluvoxamine. Dupin - see Diazepam. Duralozam - see Lorazepam. D-Val - see Diazepam.
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